Just like waves on a rope, electromagnetic waves are transverse waves. Basic electromagnetic wave properties java tutorial. This means that although they appear to be very different, in fact theyre all made of the same kind of vibrations but at different. Electromagnetic waves are transverse in nature as they propagate by varying the electric and magnetic fields such that the two fields are perpendicular to each other. Energies associated with waves in the tutorial appear beneath the window and are given in units of kjmole. To adjust the wavelength and simultaneously, the frequency of the wave, translate either the wavelength or frequency sliders to the left or right. Accelerated charges are responsible to produce electromagnetic waves. Explain the processes that results in the production and energy transfer of electromagnetic waves. This resource presents the uses and properties of electromagnetic waves in a form that can serve as a quick revision tool.
Conduction current arises due to flow of electrons in the conductor. Understand how electromagnetic waves are created, and the evidence for the wave and particle properties for these waves. The signal is then converted to audio andor video format. Ask questions to compare and contrast the characteristics of electromagnetic and mechanical waves. All electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed 300,000,000 metres per second, which is the speed of light. Wiggle the transmitter electron manually or have it oscillate automatically. The information is propagated by electromagnetic radi. Unit 6f electromagnetic wave properties notetaking guide. The electromagnetic spectrum t e harrington middle school. The speed of electromagnetic waves, their wavelengths and frequencies and how to calculate wavelength or wave frequency. Some other forms of electromagnetic radiation are xrays, microwaves, infrared radiation, am and fm radio waves, and ultraviolet radiation. We discuss the properties of electromagnetic waves in cavities, waveguides, and transmission lines. Waves polarization the doppler effect em waves in material substances when an electromagnetic wave travels through a substance, its speed depends on the properties of the substance.
Chapter maxwells equations and electromagnetic waves. These activities are designed to accompany gcse specifications, but will also stretch and challenge the most able students. We can monitor the changes that occur in the radiation after the interaction, or in this case, wave properties of the electromagnetic radiation is useful. Click here to view electromagnetic wave and properties.
The basic principle of electromagnetism can be formulated in terms of four fundamental equations known as maxwells equations electromagnetic waves. Recognize the different types of electromagnetic waves, and how they differ with regards to frequency and wavelength. Shock waves that result are similar to a sonic boom for sound waves. Read online waves and wave properties teachengineering book pdf free download link book now. Pdf basics of electromagnetic radiation researchgate. In physics it is a part of the study of waves, electricity and magnetism, and modern physics. Frequency and wavelength are properties of waves and since speed is. Waves and wave properties teachengineering pdf book. Typical examples of em waves include radio waves, tv signals, radar beams, and light rays. The strip chart shows the electron positions at the transmitter and at the receiver. Electromagnetic waves, waves from alevel physics tutor. This section serves as motivation for the fact that light is an electromagnetic wave.
Electromagnetic waves and their properties boundless physics. The fields e and b and are perpendicular to the direction of propagation. Analyze and interpret data to identify the relationships among wavelength, frequency, and energy in electromagnetic waves and amplitude and energy in mechanical waves. All light has both particlelike and wavelike properties. Pdf the electromagnetic spectrum is the complete spectrum or. However, electromagnetic waves contain electric and magnetic parts that vibrate up and down perpendicular to the direction the wave travels. All books are in clear copy here, and all files are secure so dont worry about it. Electromagnetic waves have constant velocity in vacuum and it is nearly equal to which is denoted by. These waves oscillate perpendicularly to and in phase with one another. Light propagates in a straight line in all directions, whe n the light falls on a reflecting surface, it bounces in the same medium and this phenomenon is known as light reflection, light reflection is the bouncing returning back of light waves in the same medium when they meet a reflecting surface angle of incidence is the confined angle between the incident light.
Electromagnetic waves physics definition notes pdf download conduction current and displacement current together have the property of continuity. The table on the following page divides the electromagnetic spectrum into eight bands by common names although the differences between types are gradual rather than discrete. Electromagnetic waves led to radio and television, and to a huge electronic industry. In general, waves are means of transporting energy or information. Electromagnetic waves example problems what is the frequency green light that has a wavelength of 5. Technological applications of electromagnetic waves. Properties of electromagnetic waves any electromagnetic wave must satisfy four basic conditions.
Experimentally determine the behavior of waves in various media in terms of reflection, refraction, and diffraction of waves. Download waves and wave properties teachengineering book pdf free download link or read online here in pdf. The electrical characteristics of the electromagnetic field are presented as the characteristic impedance of the free space. Information could be encoded in the frequency content, intensity, or polarization of the electromagnetic wave. These two properties in a medium are related by 111. Examples of electromagnetic waves include radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, xrays, and gamma rays. Most of the material in this chapter is taken from thornton and rex, chapter 5, and the feynman lectures on physics vol. Electromagnetic radiation, is a form of energy emitted by moving charged particles. For example, electromagnetic waves from the sun cause electrons in your skin to vibrate and gain energy, as shown. Many of the characteristics of the various types of electromagnetic waves are related to their. In the case of light, it is called cherenkov radiation.
Wave properties of electromagnetic radiation two options are available for analytical utility when an analyte interacts with a beam of electromagnetic radiation in an instrument 1. Black holes, stars, supernovae gamma ray image of the center of the milky way where a black hole resides. What is the wavelength of a microwave that has a frequency of 4. Explores the frequency, wavelength and speed of electromagnetic waves. Here we first introduce electromagnetic waves and some of their properties including their structure, energy, and momentum. Electromagnetic waves properties of electromagnetic waves. Students will analyze the properties and applications of waves. All forms of em energy share three fundamental characteristics. Maxwells equations contain the wave equation for electromagnetic waves. Radio waves have the lowest energy and frequency and the longest. The energy carried by an electromagnetic wave is called radiant energy. This is the threedimensional wave equation in vector form. Compare the properties of an xray and a radio signal.
Chapter 2 the properties of electromagnetic radiation radio jove. This diagram shows a plane linearly polarized emr wave propagating from left. It can be in the form of electromagnetic waves or energetic. Electromagnetic waves properties and uses teaching. This follows from the relativity fact that energy is equivalent. Electromagnetic waveslight, radio waves, and x rays are examples of electromagnetic waves. Characteristics of electromagnetic wave properties, wave. Electromagnetic waves physics definition notes pdf download.
Laser or optical tweezers is an exciting new technique that allows manipulation of microscopic structures or of. Describe the six properties of electromagnetic waves and give everyday examples. Electromagnetic waves transport energy just like other waves, and all electromagnetic waves travel at the speed of light in a vacuum, which is c 0unlike conduction and convection, 2. This type of emission can come from radioactive materials. Assessment does not include electromagnetic waves and is limited to standard repeating waves.
Slot converters provide excitation of the full spectrum of waves in the broadband modes and selective excitation of fast and slow electromagnetic waves near the resonant frequencies at the orthogonal orientation of the structure. Downloadable pdf of the book latex source files slides of figures used in the book. Substitute amperes law for a charge and currentfree region. As it travels through space it behaves like a wave, and has an oscillating electric field component and an oscillating magnetic field. Emphasis is on describing waves with both qualitative and quantitative thinking. Lei when an electromagnetic wave travels from one medium to another its speed changes either increases or. The electromagnetic waves that compose electromagnetic radiation can be. But they are also generated in spaceby unstable electron beams in the magnetosphere, as well as at the sun and in the faraway universe, telling us about energetic particles in distant space, or else teasing us with unresolved mysteries. What a wave is properties of wavesamplitude, wavelength, frequency.
Electromagnetic waves are characterized by their frequency or wavelength. Mostessential factorsdeterminingthe principalfeaturesat. How an instrument is designed to sense the light influences which of these properties are ob. To see how a changing electric field gives rise to a magnetic field, let us consider the process of charging of a capacitor and apply amperes circuital law given by chapter 4 b. All electromagnetic waves must travel in a vacuum with the same speed, a speed that we now call the speed of light. Electromagnetic waves carry energy electromagnetic waves carry energy in the electric and magnetic. Properties of electromagnetic waves and light reflection. Types of electromagnetic waves gamma rays emitted from the nuclei of atoms during radioactive decay or during highspeed collisions with particles.
1280 1196 225 799 588 819 1420 1362 1124 312 395 703 1215 465 976 739 405 850 1288 380 1274 1061 923 1359 1226 210 404 816 1438 910 235 658 514 528 325 339 741 376 599 807 1133 470 844 1027